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DON'T let virtualized malware keep you up at night
Here's something that isn't clear, compelling and immediate: the threat of virtualized malware. What's virtualized malware? It is Trojan horse rootkit software that exploits hypervisor technology to hide itself "above" the infected operating system. The grim promise of virtualized malware is rootkits and botnets that are undetectable.
Anyone who follows security carefully has probably heard about virtualized rootkits. As a news story, it writes itself: virtualization is hot, and security attacks always make good reading. But how much of a problem are virtualized rootkits in the real world? Not much at all; they're essentially never seen in the wild.
So why aren't we seeing a new wave of malware taking advantage of virtualization capabilities? Researchers developing proof-of-concept rootkits might argue it's because we're not looking for them, or able to find them with our current tools. But that might not be the case.
Last year, this writer worked with Nate Lawson from Root Labs and Peter Ferrie from Symantec to develop techniques for detecting virtualized rootkits. We found so many ways to do it that we doubt the pursuit of "undetectable" virtualized rootkits is a good strategy. The team's key finding was that virtualization does a great job of hiding itself from applications that aren't looking for it, and that's enough to keep the lights on and the hard drives spinning. But when you look closely, illicit hypervisors leave telltale signs that are extraordinarily hard to conceal.
It's not all good news. The rootkit threat is very real; it's just more likely to bite at the application layer. There are only a few virtualization platforms for a rootkit to hide in; we can audit those. But there are tens of thousands of applications, each with hiding places for backdoors and rootkits. Without a doubt, enterprises will need to remain vigilant in the era of virtualization.
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Insurance Policy
Esurance makes security a priority as it steps into the world of virtualization.
When Esurance embarked on virtualization, it undertook the project like any other: securely.
"Security is part of our DNA at Esurance," says Marjorie Hutchings, director of Internet operations at the San Francisco-based online insurance company. "No matter what we implement, security is at the forefront of each project."
Esurance, whose television ads feature Erin, a pink-haired cartoon crime fighter, deployed VMware in its pre-production environment and more recently virtualized its enterprise directory services. In implementing virtualization, the company adopted the same types of security measures it has in its physical infrastructure, Hutchings says.
That includes antivirus software, strict administrative controls, and monitoring for any kind of configuration changes to guard against misconfigurations. Virtualization makes it easy to enforce a hardened server build, she says.
The company also isolates the management network in the virtualized infrastructure, and keeps virtual machines with sensitive data separate from others.
"We make sure to pay extreme attention to securing the virtual drive image as well as the virtual machine template," Hutchings adds.
Virtualization allows the fast-growing insurance firm to bring up additional development environments quickly, easily and properly configured while saving on hardware. The technology also helps the company with its green initiative, Hutchings says: "Virtualization allows us to save power and energy and reduces our carbon footprint."
Esurance, which has more than a half million policyholders in 28 states, hopes to expand its use of virtualization into its production environment, possibly next year.
--Marcia Savage
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